Transaction Codes (T-Codes)
Transaction codes, commonly known as T-codes, are short codes used to access specific functions in SAP systems. They provide quick access to various SAP transactions, reports, and utilities.
Understanding Transaction Codes
Transaction codes are alphanumeric shortcuts that allow users to navigate directly to specific functions in SAP without navigating through menus. They typically consist of:
- Standard SAP transaction codes (e.g., FB01, MM01, VA01)
- Custom transaction codes (typically starting with 'Z' or 'Y')
- Report transaction codes (typically starting with 'S_')
Common Transaction Code Categories
Financial Accounting (FI)
| T-Code | Description | Related Tables | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| FB01 | Post Document | BKPF, BSEG | Create accounting document |
| FB03 | Display Document | BKPF, BSEG | Display accounting document |
| F-02 | Enter G/L Account Posting | BKPF, BSEG | Post to G/L accounts |
| FS10N | G/L Account Balances | BSIS, BSAS | Display G/L account balances |
Materials Management (MM)
| T-Code | Description | Related Tables | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| MM01 | Create Material | MARA, MARC | Create material master |
| MM02 | Change Material | MARA, MARC | Change material master |
| MM03 | Display Material | MARA, MARC | Display material master |
| MMBE | Stock Overview | MARD | Display stock overview |
Sales and Distribution (SD)
| T-Code | Description | Related Tables | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| VA01 | Create Sales Order | VBAK, VBAP | Create sales order |
| VA02 | Change Sales Order | VBAK, VBAP | Change sales order |
| VA03 | Display Sales Order | VBAK, VBAP | Display sales order |
| VL01N | Create Outbound Delivery | LIKP, LIPS | Create delivery |
Human Resources (HR)
| T-Code | Description | Related Tables | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| PA20 | Display HR Master Data | PA0000, PA0001 | Display employee data |
| PA30 | Maintain HR Master Data | PA0000, PA0001 | Maintain employee data |
| PA40 | Personnel Actions | PA0000, PA0001 | Process personnel actions |
| PT61 | Time Statement | PTEX2 | Display time statement |
Transaction Code Structure
Most transaction codes follow a pattern:
- First two characters often indicate the module (e.g., FB for Finance, MM for Materials Management)
- Numeric characters often indicate the function type (e.g., 01 for create, 02 for change, 03 for display)
- Special prefixes like '/N' force a new session, '/O' opens in a new mode
Finding Transaction Codes
Several methods exist to find transaction codes:
- Transaction SE93: Transaction code repository
- Transaction SEARCH_SAP_MENU: Search SAP menu for transaction codes
- System Status Bar: Shows the current transaction code
- SAP Easy Access Menu: Shows transaction codes in parentheses
Custom Transaction Codes
Organizations often create custom transaction codes for:
- Custom-developed functionality
- Variants of standard transactions with default values
- Transactions with restricted authorization
Custom transaction codes typically:
- Start with 'Z' or 'Y'
- Are created using Transaction SE93
- Can be linked to standard or custom programs
Transaction Code Best Practices
- Memorize frequently used transaction codes for efficiency
- Use transaction favorites for quick access
- Document custom transaction codes thoroughly
- Implement proper authorization checks for sensitive transactions
- Consider transaction variants for frequently used transactions with specific parameters
Related SAP Objects
- Programs: Each transaction code executes an ABAP program
- Screens: Transactions display screens for user interaction
- Tables: Transactions read from and write to database tables
- Authorization Objects: Control access to transactions